The Effect of Malonic Acid and Succinic Acid on the Corrosion Behavior of Mg-5Zn in (Nh4)3PO4 and NaF
Corresponding email: yudi009@lipi.go.id
Published at : 16 Dec 2019
Volume : IJtech
Vol 10, No 8 (2019)
DOI : https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v10i8.3447
Thaha, Y.N., Darsono, N., Utomo, M.S., Sajuti, D., Kartika, I., 2019. The Effect of Malonic Acid and Succinic Acid on the Corrosion Behavior of Mg-5Zn in (Nh4)3PO4 and NaF. International Journal of Technology. Volume 10(8), pp. 1576-1584
| Yudi Nugraha Thaha | Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences PUSPIPTEK Building 470, Tangerang Selatan 15343, Indonesia |
| Nono Darsono | Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences PUSPIPTEK Building 470, Tangerang Selatan 15343, Indonesia |
| Muhammad Satrio Utomo | Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences PUSPIPTEK Building 470, Tangerang Selatan 15343, Indonesia |
| Djusman Sajuti | Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences PUSPIPTEK Building 470, Tangerang Selatan 15343, Indonesia |
| Ika Kartika | Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences PUSPIPTEK Building 470, Tangerang Selatan 15343, Indonesia |
While having excellent
biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, magnesium alloys have been
widely known to exhibit low corrosion resistance, especially in an acidic
environment. The partially protective layer of Mg(OH)2 plays an
important role in the corrosion behavior of magnesium, while a phosphate and
fluoride conversion film enhances the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy. The
comparative study of electrochemical corrosion behaviour of Mg-5Zn with
different media was performed in 1% (NH4)3PO4
and 1% NaF. The effect of malonic and succinic acid on the corrosion behaviour
of Mg-5Zn was also analyzed. The back scattering electron mode of scanning
electron microscopy was used to characterize the microstructure of Mg-5Zn
alloys. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the potentiodynamic
polarization curve were employed to study the electrochemical corrosion
behaviour of Mg-5Zn. It was found that the presence of malonic and succinic
acid decreases film resistance and enhances the electron transfer of Mg-5Zn in
1% (NH4)3PO4and 1% NaF. A higher Mg-5Zn
dissolution rate was observed in a binary mixture of 1% malonic acid and 1%
succinic acid with 1% (NH4)3PO4 and 1% NaF in
comparison with Mg-5Zn in 1% (NH4)3PO4 and 1%
NaF.
Corrosion; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Mg-5Zn; Potentiodynamic polarization
Due to high stiffness and lightness to weight ratio
and biocompatibility, magnesium and its alloys have received considerable
attention in relation to biodegradable metallic implants (Virtanen, 2011). In
energy storage applications, magnesium-based alloys and magnesium-based MgH2
composites are potentially applied to hydrogen storage materials (Zulkarnain
et al., 2016). Magnesium can be used to modify the hydrogen physisorption
of SWCNTs (Supriyadi et al., 2016). Magnesium possesses low
electrochemical potential in a galvanic series, which makes magnesium and its
alloys highly reactive with a low corrosion resistance (Song & Atrens,
1999). The corrosion resistance of magnesium depends on the microstructure,
grain boundary, phase distribution, and actual physiological environment (Pardo
et al., 2008; Zhao et al., 2008; Nayak et al., 2016). The pH value of physiological
fluid has a considerable effect on the corrosion rate of magnesium. Mg tends to
corrode faster in acidic environment or pH with a neutral value to form Mg+2
(Song & Atrens, 1999). In an alkaline solution of pH 11, Mg(OH)2
film is produced. A decrease in the corrosion rate of magnesium, Mg tends to
corrode faster in acidic environment
It was reported that phosphate
and fluoride conversion film enhances the corrosion resistance of magnesium
alloy (Chong & Shih, 2003; Chiu et al., 2007). The partially protective
layer of Mg(OH)2 plays an important role in the corrosion behavior
of magnesium. A thin hydroxide layer on the magnesium surface is formed when
magnesium and its alloys are exposed to water (Song & Atrens, 1999).
Interfacial
kinetic studies of the metal release between magnesium alloys and their
physiological environment are important to control the corrosion process in
bio-electrochemical applications of magnesium alloy. In the human body,
succinic acid is produced in mitochondria via the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Malonic
acid functions as a competitive inhibitor of succisinate dehidrogenase in the respiratory
electron transport chain. Succinic acid and malonic acid are important parts of
the respiratory chain and Krebs cycle. Succinic and malonic acid play important
roles in ATP production in the mitochondria (Chong & Shih, 2003; Akram,
2014). In cells, succinate can be released from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytoplasm through plasma membrane transporters.
For damaged membrane cells and cell death, succinate can be released from the cytoplasm
to the outer layer of the cell and can decrease the local pH of the cell
membrane and the solution interface. Under
pathophysiological conditions, succinate has been observed in the area of
inflammation (Connors et al., 2018).
Mg-5Zn corrosion simulation in (NH4)3PO4 and NaF 1% with the presence of malonic acid and succinic acid as a biochemical interference is not reported in any previous literature study. In this article, the comparative study of the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Mg-5Zn in (NH4)3PO4 and NaF 1% and the effects of malonic acid and succinic acid on the corrosion behavior of Mg-5Zn in (NH4)3PO4 and NaF are reported.
In this work, the electrochemical corrosion behavior of powder metallurgy Mg-5Zn was examined in a binary mixture of 1% (NH4)3PO4 with 1% succinic acid and with 1% malonic acid and a binary mixture of 1% NaF with 1% succinic acid and with 1% malonic acid. The back scattering electron mode of scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the microstructure of Mg-5Zn alloys. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was employed to investigate the electrochemical process on the Mg-5Zn alloy surface. Potentiodynamic polarization was used to characterize the kinetics of the corrosion of Mg-5Zn. It was observed that the presence of 1% succinic acid and 1% malonic acid enhanced the corrosion process of Mg-5Zn in 1%(NH4)3PO4 and 1% NaF. The acid-base reaction between Mg(OH)2 with succinic acid and malonic acid on the Mg-5Zn surface promoted the degradation rate of Mg-5Zn alloys.
The authors would like to
thank the Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials – Indonesian Institute
of Sciences and Ministry of Research and Higher Education for funding this
project through the INSINAS, contract number 087/P/RPL-LIPI/SINAS-1/II/2019, 2019.
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