Synthesis of a Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane with Polyethylene Glycol Additive for the Waste-water Treatment of Batik Industry

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a polymer widely used to prepare ultrafiltration membranes. However, PVDF membranes are hydrophobic; therefore, they have poor antifouling ability in filtration. Therefore, this study will modify PVDF membranes using N, N dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) solvents with polyethylene glycol (PEG) additives. The flat sheet membrane was prepared using the immersion precipitation method with PEG masses of 0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 grams. The prepared membranes were then characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle, porosity, and tensile tests. Before being used as filtration feed, batik liquid waste was pretreated with PAC (poly aluminum chloride) coagulation-flocculation pretreatment. Furthermore, the batik liquid waste was filtered using PVDF/PEG membranes with feed pressures of 3, 4, and 5 bars. The permeate flux increased with the addition of PEG mass in the printing solution and operating pressure, ranging from 3.92 to 38.02 L/m2.h. However, this increase in flux decreased rejection because of the larger pore size, which allowed large particles to pass through the membrane. Rejection of TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), total suspended solid (TSS), turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and permeate color were in the range of 2.3%–9.3%, 0%–88.9%, 20.7%–65.5%, 44.5%–63.8%, and 18.3%–72.9%, respectively.

Flux; PEG; PVDF; Rejection; Ultrafiltration

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