Effect of Natural Fibers Reinforcement of Honeycomb Sandwich Using Numerical Analysis
Corresponding email: m.zulkarnain@utem.edu.my
Published at : 07 Oct 2022
Volume : IJtech
Vol 13, No 4 (2022)
DOI : https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v13i4.5098
Zulkarnain, M., Tofrowaih, K.A., Ariyanti, S., 2022. Effect of Natural Fibers Reinforcement of Honeycomb Sandwich Using Numerical Analysis. International Journal of Technology. Volume 13(4), pp. 774-784
| Muhammad Zulkarnain | Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), 75450 Ayer Keroh, Malacca, Malaysia |
| Khairul Amri Tofrowaih | Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), 75450 Ayer Keroh, Malacca, Malaysia |
| Silvi Ariyanti | Department of Industrial Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Mercubuana, Jakarta, Indonesia |
The honeycomb sandwich
structure has been extensively investigated for its mechanical performance.
Modification in improving such mechanical properties is an innovation required for
honeycomb sandwiches, especially by adding a random fibers reinforcement
inside a sheet panel plate. This study was developed random fiber reinforcement
using natural fiber of Oil Palm, Sugar Cane, and Coconut, which constructed by the
commercial software code of MATLAB. This investigation analyzed the performance
of three-point bending behavior using the finite-element model, which provides
four levels of fiber condition to observed: 0, 50, 100, and 150 fiber numbers.
Ansys Workbench/Dynamic code was chosen to predict mechanical performance such
as stress and displacement analysis. In the fiber development study, a series
of numerical simulations were carried out with two types of fiber orientation
reinforcement, unidirectional and chopped randomly. The hybrid orientation was also
implemented in this research by combining unidirectional and chopped fiber,
which was fixed at 150 numbers and then varied in three sets: S50/C100,
S100:C50, and S75/C75. As a result, it was confirmed that the fiber
reinforcement enhances the stiffness of the structure, which contributed a lot
to the promotion of the bending resistance capacity and energy absorption.
Especially, unidirectional fiber orientation has shown a significant increase
in absorbing stress during testing. The fiber reinforcement sandwich
demonstrated better mechanical behavior in the simulation, as reported by the
hybrid system, and this was influenced by the unidirectional orientation.
Honeycomb sandwich; Hybrid; Nature fiber; Numerical; Sheet plate
Honeycomb sandwich has shown a remarkable
impression on mechanical performance by bringing high the stiffness/weight and
strength/weight ratios, which are supported by complicated structure for weight
reduction. The target productions were implemented for several applications
such as the automotive, naval, and transportation industries (Zinno et al., 2011; Huang et al., 2012;
Crupi et al., 2013; Partridge & Choi, 2017). The mechanical performance could
be varied based on the structure due to varied size, thickness, and shape, but
the main contribution was on an array of hollow cells built between thin vertical walls. It was
constructed to allow the reduction of material used with minimal weight and
cost. At the same time, the thin-walled
aluminum honeycomb structure could be excellent in energy-absorbing to allow high deformable barriers
from some crash tests to predict the crashworthiness, which requires special applications
such as transportation regulations (Zhang et al., 2021; Wei et
al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2021).
Several researchers have proposed panel plate materials combined with
fiber and proposed-of-the-art composites that have existed in aviation and rockets
(Vavilov et al., 2016; Monogarov et al., 2018). In several areas, the honeycomb
materials, from packaging in the shape of a paper carton to sports equipment
such as skis and snowboards (Mou et al., 2014), were developed with varied tailored
hierarchical honeycomb cores (Li et al.,
2020). The fiber
reinforcement for panel plates had been developed to improve honeycomb strength,
one of the most popular things was using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP)
(Dungani et al., 2012; Pehlivan &
Baykaso?lu, 2019; Xiao et al., 2021; Oiwa et al., 2021; Xiao et al., 2018). The CFRP has been shown to help in
increasing the dynamic impact of honeycomb sandwiches by different
configurations of laminate fibers (Xio et al.,
2021). Laminate
reinforced fiber-enhanced mechanical performance; phenomena from stacking angle
(0 and 90o) performance on the hexagonal honeycomb energy absorption
properties increased in the 90°-layered honeycombs (Li et al., 2021). The honeycomb was implemented in motorcycle helmets for
head protectors during road traffic accidents involving motorcyclists due to
its high energy absorption (Li et al., 2020). From the researcher's side, fibers
as substances or materials were required to explore from various resources to
fulfill the material industry's performance, reliability, toughness, and
resistance
Numerical simulations for the aluminum honeycomb sandwich are performed
and fiber reinforcement successfully develops reinforcement distribution
technique by coding MATLAB software. Based on the results mentioned above and
discussions, some significant conclusions can be drawn as the research results.
The first conclusion that the reinforcement increase strength and stiffness for
the whole honeycomb sandwich. In this way, the bending resistance capacity of
reinforcement sandwiches gets substantially compared to the plain plate. This
fact is embodied in the load-deflection chopped and different deformation
patterns. The second conclusion describes that the numerically calculated
results of the TPB dynamic mechanical behaviors of sandwiches show an increase
in the stress absorption can be effectively modulated by the reinforcement
fibers. And then the third found that the unidirectional fiber orientation
achieves a high tensile strength due to the fiber’s structure in a longitudinal
position on the plate. The last conclusion, mention that the hybrid of
unidirectional and chopped orientation, performance was dominated by
unidirectional orientation characteristics in stress absorption during flexural
testing. The natural fiber of Oil Palm, Sugar Cane, and Coconut was a promising
reinforcement for polymeric composites and suitable to be implemented as a
facing panel of honeycomb.
On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author utters a grandeur appreciation to Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) to financially support by Short term grant PJP/2020/FTKMP/PP/S01765 and equipment during research completion.
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