Encapsulation of Agarwood Essential Oil with Maltodextrin and Gum Arabic
Corresponding email: sahlan@che.ui.ac.id
Published at : 16 Dec 2019
Volume : IJtech
Vol 10, No 8 (2019)
DOI : https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v10i8.3485
Sahlan, M., Fadhan, A.M., Pratami, D.K., Wijanarko, A., Lischer, K., Hermansyah, H., Mahira, K.F., 2019. Encapsulation of Agarwood Essential Oil with Maltodextrin and Gum Arabic. International Journal of Technology. Volume 10(8), pp. 1541-1547
| Muhamad Sahlan | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia 2. Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Un |
| Adam Muhammad Fadhan | Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia |
| Diah Kartika Pratami | Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, South Jakarta, DKI Jakarta 12640, Indonesia |
| Kenny Lischer | Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia |
| Anondho Wijanarko | Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia |
| Heri Hermansyah | Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia |
| Kaysa Faradis Mahira | Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia |
Agarwood is the commodity that has the highest
economic value in the world, especially its oil. However, agarwood essential
oils have a volatile compound component of almost 90%. To overcome this
volatility, the agarwood oil can be changed into a solid dosage by
encapsulation using maltodextrin and gum arabic through the freeze-drying
method. Encapsulation is one solution that increases the efficiency of the packaging
process and of the distribution of agarwood oil. Four different formulations of
agarwood oil encapsulation were obtained that differed in the ratio of the
active ingredient, agarwood oil, to the encapsulating materials, maltodextrin
and gum arabic (MD-GA): F1 (2:10), F2 (5:10), F3 (10:10) and F4 (12:10). The
highest loading capacity was 68.6%, obtained in the F2 sample. The surface oil
content value of the four formulations ranged from 3% to 21%. The value of the encapsulation
efficiency in the four formulations was between 82% and 96%. In the
morphological test, all four formulations had pores on part of their surface.
Overall, all samples showed good results for loading capacity, surface oil
content percentage and encapsulation efficiency.
Agarwood oil; Encapsulation; Freeze-drying; Gum arabic; Maltodextrin
Agarwood
is recognized as one of the most valuable natural products in international
trade due to its endless uses, ranging from being an ingredient in most foods to
finished products, such as incense and perfume (Boon et al., 2016). The
agarwood wood is distilled to produce the essential oil of agarwood. Most of
these oil products are exported abroad from is country. Agarwood essential oil
has many aromatic compounds, that almost 90% of these compounds have volatile
properties (Chen et al., 2011). To overcome this volatility, agarwood oil can
be made into solid doses by encapsulating it in maltodextrin and gum arabic
through the freeze-drying method. Encapsulation is one solution that serves the
efficiency of the packaging process and of the distribution of agarwood oil.
Encapsulation was performed with a maltodextrin
coating and gum arabic. The advantage of maltodextrin is that the
material can easily dissolve
in cold water. Maltodextrins
have various
Drying
the encapsulation products was carried out using the freeze-drying method.
Freeze- drying is suitable for encapsulating essential oils (Prakash et al.,
2018). Another advantage of the freeze-drying method over other methods is the
maintenance of the quality of the drying product, so that the resulting product
is much better than that produced by other drying methods (Bando et al., 2016).
The encapsulation of agarwood oil in
our samples showed good results for loading capacity, surface oil content
percentage and encapsulation efficiency. The efficiency decreased on the first, fifth, and tenth days in four
samples F1, F2, F3, and F4. The surface oil content increased on the first,
fifth, and tenth days. The largest loading capacity, 68.8%, was produced by F2.
The more oil is coated, the more pores on the surface of the encapsulation
agarwood oil. This method is suggested suitable for economical and large-scale
production in industry.
This work is supported by Hibah Penelitian Pengembangan Unggulan Perguruan Tinggi (PPUPT) and funded by the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education (Grant No. NKB-1750/UN2.R3.1/HKP.05.00/2019).
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