Synthesis of Lithium Titanate (Li4Ti5O12) through Hydrothermal Process by using Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH) and Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Xerogel
Corresponding email: bambang.priyono@ui.ac.id
Published at : 27 Oct 2015
Volume : IJtech
Vol 6, No 4 (2015)
DOI : https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v6i4.1965
Priyono, B., Syahrial, A.Z., Yuwono, A.H., Kartini, E., Marfelly, M., Rahmatulloh, W.M.F. 2015. Synthesis of Lithium Titanate (Li4Ti5O12) through Hydrothermal Process by using Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH) and Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Xerogel. International Journal of Technology. Volume 6(4), pp. 555-564
| Bambang Priyono | Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia |
| Anne Zulfia Syahrial | Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia |
| Akhmad Herman Yuwono | Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia |
| Evvy Kartini | Center for Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, BATAN, Puspiptek Serpong, Indonesia |
| Mario Marfelly | Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia |
| Wahid Muhamad Furkon Rahmatulloh | Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia |
Lithium Titanate (Li4Ti5O12) or (LTO) has a potential as an anode material for a high performance lithium ion battery. In this work, LTO was synthesized by a hydrothermal method using Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) xerogel prepared by a sol-gel method and Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH). The sol-gel process was used to synthesize TiO2 xerogel from a titanium tetra-n-butoxide/Ti(OC4H9)4 precursor. An anatase polymorph was obtained by calcining the TiO2 xerogel at a low temperature, i.e.: 300oC and then the hydrothermal reaction was undertaken with 5M LiOH aqueous solution in a hydrothermal process at 135oC for 15 hours to form Li4Ti5O12. The sintering process was conducted at a temperature range varying from 550oC, 650oC, and 750oC, respectively to determine the optimum characteristics of Li4Ti5O12. The characterization was based on Scanning Thermal Analysis (STA), X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) testing results. The highest intensity of XRD peaks and FTIR spectra of the LTO were found at the highest sintering temperature (750oC). As a trade-off, however, the obtained LTO/Li4Ti5O12 possesses the smallest BET surface area (< 0.001 m2/g) with the highest crystallite size (56.45 nm).
Anode material, Hydrothermal, Li4Ti5O12, Li-ion battery, Sintering, Sol-gel, TiO2 xerogel
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