• International Journal of Technology (IJTech)
  • Vol 9, No 1 (2018)

Design of a Prototype Photoreactor UV-LEDs for Radiation Vulcanization of Natural Rubber Latex

Design of a Prototype Photoreactor UV-LEDs for Radiation Vulcanization of Natural Rubber Latex

Title: Design of a Prototype Photoreactor UV-LEDs for Radiation Vulcanization of Natural Rubber Latex
Cahya Widiyati, Herry Poernomo

Corresponding email:


Published at : 27 Jan 2018
Volume : IJtech Vol 9, No 1 (2018)
DOI : https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v9i1.1164

Cite this article as:
Widiyati, C., Poernomo, H., 2018. Design of a Prototype Photoreactor UV-LEDs for Radiation Vulcanization of Natural Rubber Latex. International Journal of Technology. Volume 9(1), pp. 130-141

1,305
Downloads
Cahya Widiyati ATK Polytechnic, Ministry of Industry
Herry Poernomo National Nuclear Energy Agency
Email to Corresponding Author

Abstract
Design of a Prototype Photoreactor UV-LEDs for Radiation Vulcanization of Natural Rubber Latex

The land area and production of rubber on smallholder rubber plantations contribute to about 85% and 81% of national rubber production, respectively. Based on this, having technology to utilize vulcanized natural rubber latex (NRL) in a way that is simple, inexpensive, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and according to the quality standards of the processing of NRL is important. The purpose of the current research is to design of a prototype photoreactor ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) for the vulcanization of NRL that is irradiated (VNRLI) to produce NRL-irradiated free carcinogens and protein allergens. The methodology used is the technological development of a prototype photoreactor with an UV-mercury irradiator that located in a vertical cylindrical glass column with the capacity of VNRLI about 249.2 tons/year. The development of technologies applied to increase the capacity of VNRLI by enlarging the area of thin NRL films to be irradiated with UV-A rays derived from UV-LED irradiators that are more energy-efficient, long-life, and environmentally friendly than UV-mercury irradiators. The results allowed for the design of a prototype photoreactor UV-LEDs to process feed NRL with the capacity VNRLI about 522 tons/year. The UV-LED photoreactor prototype design results show that the UV-LED photoreactor prototype is ready to test the VNRLI process function that can produce NRL- irradiated free carcinogen and protein allergens.

Irradiator; Natural rubber latex; Photoreactor; UV-LEDs; Vulcanization

Conclusion

From the design of UV-LED photoreactor prototypes, it can be concluded that UV-LED photoreactor prototypes can be tested for the VNRLI process to obtain irradiated NRL-free carcinogens and proteins allergen. Furthermore NRL-free carcinogens and proteins allergen can be used as raw material for the manufacturing of medical devices such as elastic bandages, medical bandages, surgical gloves, bactericidal plaster, catheters, condoms, nipples, mattresses, and pillows.

Acknowledgement

We greatly appreciatethe research grants from the National Innovation System Research Incentive 2015(RT-2015-0427) of the Ministry of Research Technology and Higher Education.

References

Cornish, K., Xie, W., Kostyal, D., Shintani, D., Hamilton, R.G., 2015. Immunological Analysis of the Alternate Rubber Crop Taraxacum koksaghyz Indicates Multiple Proteins Cross-Reactive with Hevea brasiliensis Latex Allergens. Journal of Biotechnology Biomaterials, Volume 5(4), pp. 1–6

Hansupalak, N., Srisuk, S., Wiroonpochit, P., Chisti, Y., 2016. Sulfur-Free Prevulcanization of Natural Rubber Latex by Ultraviolet Irradiation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Volume 55 (14), pp 3974?3981.

Harahap, H., Hadinatan, K., Hartanto, A., Surya, E., Surya, I., 2015. Utilization of Cassava Pell Waste Modifies Alkanolamide as Filler in Natural Rubber Latex Products: The Effect of Drying Time. Magazine of Leather Rubber and Plastic, Volume 31(1), pp. 1–8

Heathcote, J., 2010. UV-LED Overview Part I - Operation and Measurement. Radtech Report, Technical Paper, pp. 23–33

Isa, S.Z., Yahya, R., Hassan, A., Tahir, M., 2007. The Influence of Temperature and Reaction Time in the Degradation of Natural Rubber Latex. The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Volume 11(1), pp.42–47

Johns, A., Sham Aan, M.P., Johns, J., Bhagyashekar, M.S., Nakason, C., Kalkornsurapranee, E., 2015. Optimization Study of Ammonia and Glutaraldehyde Contents on Vulcanization of Natural Rubber Latex. Iranian Polymer Journal, Volume 24, pp. 901–909

Kinasih, N.A., Fathurrohman, M.I., Suparto, D., 2015. Effect of Vulcanization Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Vulcanized Natural and Acrylonitrile-butadiene Rubbers. Magazine of Leather Rubber and Plastic, Volume 31(2), pp. 65–74

Kokollari, F., Daka, H., Daka, A., Haxhijaha L.K., 2015. Latex-Fruit Syndrome – Case Report. UNIVERSI Journal, Volume 01(04), pp. 119–123

Lin, H., Lin, R., Li, N., 2015. Sensitization Rates for Various Allergens in Children with Allergic Rhinitis in Qingdao China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Volume 12, pp. 10984–10994

Marsongko, 2013. Making Natural Latex Gloves from the Vulcanized Radiation and Sulphure. Package Chemical Journal, Volume 35(2), pp. 131–136

Nanti, S., Wongputtisin, P., Sakulsingharoj, C., Klongklaew, A., Chomsri, N., 2014. Removal of Allergenic Protein in Natural Rubber Latex using Protease from Bacillus sp. Food and Applied Bioscience Journal, Volume 2, pp. 216–223

Pure Pro Water Corp., 2010. Ultraviolet Water Sterilizer. Purepro USA Corp., Illinois USA. Available online at http://www.purepro.info/pdf/UV.pdf

Putra, N.S.S.U, Thamrin, Sugeng, R., 2008. Ultraviolet System as an Important Desinfectant Device in Hatchery: Engineering and Design. Marine and Fisheries Department, pp. 1–14. Available online at https://www.slideshare.net/putranana/ultraviolet-sebagai-alat-disinfektan-penting-di-pembenihan-1499510

Radford, R., Frain, H., Ryan, M.P., Slattery, C., McMorrow, T., 2013. Mechanisms of Chemical Carcinogenesis in the Kidneys. International Journal of Molecular Science, Volume 14, pp. 19416–19433

Rasdi, F.A.M., Rahmadsyah, A., Alias, A., 2015. Prevalence of Latex Glove Hypersensitivity among Dental Personnel in Prevalence of Latex Glove Hypersensitivity among Dental Personnel in Based). IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, Volume 14(12), pp. 102–107

Raymont, J., 2011. UV Measurement & Process Control: Theory vs. Reality Overview of EIT Products & Measurement Techniques. EIT Instrument Markets Sterling, Virginia, USA

Schlögl, S., Aust, N., Schaller, R., Holzner, A., Kern, W., 2010. Survey of Chemical Residues and Biological Evaluation of Photochemically Pre-vulcanized Surgical Gloves. Monatsh Chem, Volume 141, pp. 1365–1372

Schlögl, S., Temel, A., Kern, W., Leoben, Schaller, R., Holzner, A., Wimpassing, 2010. Manufacture of Non-allergenic Surgical Gloves via UV Techniques. Rohstoffe Und Anwendungen Raw Materials and Applications, pp. 187–191

Schlögl, S., Temel, A., Schaller, R., Holzner, A., Kern, W., 2012. Characteristics of the Photochemical Prevulcanization in a Falling Film Photoreactor. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 124, pp. 3478–3486

Schlögl, S., Trutschel, M.L., Chassé, W., Letofsky-Papst, I., Schaller, R., Holzner, A., Riess, G., Kern, W., Saalwächter, K., 2014. Photo-vulcanization using Thiol-ene Chemistry: Film Formation, Morphology and Network Characteristics of UV Crosslinked Rubber Latices. Polymer, Volume 55, pp. 5584–5595

Schupple, B., 2009. White Paper: Induction Lamps vs. LED Lamps, LED Industries, Inc. Toll Free 1-888-700-7815.

Tambunan, F.E., Harahap, H., 2015. Effect of Temperature and Composition Vulcanization Clay Modified by Alkanolamide RBDPKO of Raw Materials on the Product of Natural Rubber Latex. Chemical Engineering Journal NSU, Volume 4(4), pp. 64–70

Widiyati, C., Poernomo, H., 2015. Photoreactor Design Concept Based on Irradiator UV-LED for Pre-Vulcanise Natural Rubber Latex. In: National Seminar Proceedings of Nuclear Energy Technology, National Nuclear Energy Agency-Udayana University, Denpasar-Bali, Volume 1/2015, pp. 543–555

Wijesinghe, H.G.I.M., Gamage, W.G.T.W., Ariyananda, P., Jayasinghe, H.A.S.L., Weerawansha, A.N.R., 2016. Optimization of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) Loading in Natural Rubber Latex Based Disposable Gloves. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6(3), pp. 266–269

Wu, M., McIntosh, J. Liu, J., (2016), Current Prevalence Rate of Latex Allergy: Why it Remains a Problem?. Journal Occupational Health, Volume 58, pp. 138-144