Value-based Innovation: Knowledge and Technology Transfer in Triple Helix Model

In light of globalization, innovation has been determined as a strategy to increase competitive advantage, and, therefore, nurturing innovation through improved policies and practices has become a priority in both the public and private sectors. Globalization has boosted the need for the triple helix of university–industry–government collaboration, which encourages the transfer of knowledge and technology to improve project development and the quality of products. The concept of the triple helix relationship encourages potential cooperation for innovation and thus stimulates economic growth by generating productivity and strengthening competitive advantages. Innovation in the Triple Helix Model The triple helix model provides various alternatives to explore complex innovation and create added value for products and projects. From a triple helix systems perspective, the consolidation of multiple perspectives used to generate new combinations of knowledge and technology in solving problems and improving end results requires the dynamic interaction between triple helix actors in the context of mutual cooperation and consensus. Innovation in the triple helix model is embedded in an interactive system of partnerships, the role of governments in shaping innovation policies (politics), and the relation between universities (education) and the industry (economy) in producing value-added products through advanced knowledge and technologies that suit the public or market needs. Furthermore, one of the key strategies in a successful triple helix cooperation is managing the cross-cultural issues between stakeholders because these might affect the quality of the collaboration and the effectiveness of the transformational learning process for successful knowledge and technology transfer. Knowledge and technology transfer is the process of transferring skills, methods, and facilities among actors and institutions to ensure that scientific and technological developments are accessible for further development into new processes or end results. The transfer of individual and organizational knowledge, such as best practices, then becomes a means to search for sustainable technological solutions in design and product and project development. Various factors need to be clearly defined, including conceptions of technology utilization and collaboration, process activities and capacity transfer, and dissemination and communication models, to achieve efficient and effective knowledge and technology transfer. It is a collaborative and context-specific process based on mutual understanding, so the intended collaboration in the triple helix model provides links to tie together all aspects of technology, namely, knowledge, process, and product results.